So, here we will talk about one of the most difficult moments - the power supply of universal controllers from the "native" power supplies of future designs. One clarification is about the power of universal television controllers, since things are much easier with monitor controllers. But even if it becomes necessary to resolve the issue of nutrition and those, then after reading this material, I think everything will be clear and all questions will disappear. Let's try to cover all occasions.
Before proceeding to specific examples, it is necessary to understand how the internal supply circuits of the controller are arranged and it will depend on whether this is a simple task or very heavy.
Here is a block diagram of the power supply circuits of any of the V29-V59 universal TV controllers:
As you can see, there are two voltage converters in the controller - the first on the DC-DC buck converter (+ 12 / + 5) and the second on the linear regulator (+ 5 / + 3.3). I have a DC-DC converter ZTP7193i on the V59 board. The linear stabilizer chip is some kind of noname, but initially - it’s still a brainchild of Linear Technology LT1084 (if you are interested, you can search for the datasheet just for it). Here is where these nodes are located on the board (example on V59, but also on V29, V56 is about the same):
The power supply circuits of the z.vst3463 controller are slightly different and look like this:
and here is where these nodes are on the board itself:
In this controller, the power supply of 3.3V is somewhat different: instead of one powerful linear LT1084 stabilizer, the low-power AMS1117 is used to power the controller chip, and the power supply of 3.3V to the matrix is ​​removed from the 5-volt source and reduced due to the voltage drop on the transitions of two diodes in direct power on. Also introduced node power off controller nodes + 5V. For example, now the USB connector, power amplifier and backlight control circuits in sleep mode are de-energized.
ATTENTION!!! Before you run your design on this controller, I STRONGLY recommend that you look under the spoiler of "good advice" and carefully read the power-up item highlighted in red. The same applies to the designs on the 3663 controller.
As can be seen from the diagrams, the controllers can be safely powered not only from + 12V, but also from + 5V. Of course, provided that we do not need + 12V (for example, to power the matrix and (or) the backlight inverter). But even if it is needed, both of these power supplies can be spread and below I will give an example of how.
There is an opinion that it is possible to apply + 5V to the + 12V connector and not to think much. Before doing this, I would advise to think, nevertheless, and here's why. I quote the DC-DC converter circuit (a piece of datasheet and do not pay attention to the indicated voltages):
Arrows, I showed the passage of current through the chip. It is the passage, not the conversion (which is generally the main task of this chip). But the internal circuit of this chip:
So this is how the internal key works when the microchip is not in the mode - this is the question. In a word, whoever decides on this is only at your own peril and risk. I am personally not sure about the long-term use of the chip in this state. But even when she takes off, it's okay too - you can drop it off and serve + 5V directly - you can decide that already.
Another, in my opinion, very important point: the power supply must be obviously serviceable. I think comments are unnecessary here, since it is not difficult to guess what the launch of a controller with a faulty power supply will result in. It can be checked offline (of course with the backlight connected). To do this, you need several automotive light bulbs that are not powerful, for example, from dimensions, and then you need to connect loads and simulate switching. How? Read below - and it will become clear. Well, for example
thistopic to help.
I think, before moving on to the realization of connection diagrams, one should rather chew one rather important point: the difference between the power supplies of monitors and TVs.
In the vast majority of monitors power supply when the power cord to the network is always in the active mode. Those. "Sleep" mode displays only applies to the controller and lighting, but not to the power supply - it is always at work. Signal "wake-up" in monitors only serves to illuminate - i.e. only one tire (BLON, BKLT, INV_ON, BKLT_EN, BL_EN and like abbreviations) which starts the inverter (driver) highlighting. To sum up the above: monitor power unit is always in operation, and on / off monitor - the result display state lighting circuit (which, respectively running / not running) and operated by this scheme only one bus. The exceptions are large monitors with CCFL backlight - they are more like BP TVs.
BP TVs differ significantly from the BP monitor. The fact that with regard to monitors, power consumption in the difference between the pilot mode and the working is small - for example 3 W, and 40W, respectively. Those. 40-watt power supply in a standby state of quiet at idle and it is not beyond the scope of its normal functioning. In the televisions (e.g. lamp-illumination) consumption in standby mode as well 3-5Vt, and in the working - up to 180W (42 inches). It is clear that to get to work such a powerful source of idling technically difficult - it simply will not give the normal voltage and current for standby. In such a low-power BS installed separate power supply for the standby mode (called its output on circuit boards like Vstb, Vsb), a basic (strong) power source is turned on by a separate bus. In this tire BP boards designated as ON_OFF (sometimes N_F), S / B, and that in this way. Repeat - ONLY powerful power source is activated by a signal, which are supplied from the backlight inverter power circuit matrix, audio amplifier, etc. In this case the signal is not responsible for the inclusion of the backlight. Its inclusion responds completely different signal. Designated it as well as I called the paragraph above. For what it's done. If you look at the timing diagrams, the backlight is turned on after a pass all the processes related to supply power to all the components of the TV. This prevents the contemplation of the screen most of these processes. So, summing up of what has been said: the TV power supply "on duty," one source, and TV work provides another. Included in it unlike the BP monitor two control signals - one power supply unit includes a powerful, the second - the backlight. I hope intelligibly explained.
We now turn directly to the discussion of wiring diagrams.
1. CONNECTION TO BP MONITORS
Excuse my friends, but without theory in any way. Otherwise, everything will turn into a stupid copying schemes and then unnecessary questions. So try to learn what I'm trying to convey.
To begin with, the familiar scheme from the first spoiler, but with minor amendments, what we should have in the end:
The question may arise: why do you need to do this? The fact is that if a monitor is subject to alteration, it is not difficult to guess that its native power supply is already designed for the operation of its matrix and for ensuring the work of its illumination. There is nothing to be wise with external adapters, there is no need to re-buy individual inverters, and you don’t even need to redo the monitor's design - everything is ready only to replace one controller with another, that's all.
Power supplies monitors usually built ( "build", if we carry on monitors with CCFL backlight) scheme into two voltage source - + 5V and even "what is." Why "what is"? Yes, because it can be from 13 to 22V - it all depends on the type of power supply being calculated on the same board inverter backlight lamps or LEDs. In addition, not the fact that this is the second voltage is supplied to the controller - more often it is nothing to do there. The controller is powered typically by + 5V and the matrix - or + 5V or + 3.3V. In the latter case, the stabilizer + 3.3V can be either on the controller board or the board power supply, but actually it does not change - the primary for him are all the same + 5V. But this is not important. Source + 5V firstly high current, i.e. may issue a current to 2,5-3A, and secondly it is only on the power unit, by which the feedback voltage to stabilize. And if he stays unloaded, then it is likely to issue an unstable voltage source inverter power. Those. no load on the 5-volt voltage source at the output of the second source at said nominal 13V (for example) may range from 13 to 19V. Besides the illumination source is designed to supply maximum current 1-1,5A. And if so, then 1-1,2A "eats" the inverter and power to the controller (if the controller is powered from it) will be nothing at all. As a result, we get a "squish" as the operation power supply overload. To avoid this, the controller must be powered from a source of + 5V. How can I do that? Very simple -
apply + 5V from the power supply to the pin of the 5V matrix power selector jumper, which sits on the + 5V bus. What I mean by this phrase: if the matrix is ​​powered by 3.3V, then picks up directly to the pin or to an electrolytic capacitor Poshin + 5V, which stands at the output of the built-in DC-DC converter, and if the matrix is ​​5 volt (and this is just the pin busy jumper) - then only to the condenser. Or look at where the controller runs bus + 5V and select a comfortable place where you can solder to it. For controllers V29-V59 is a stabilizer 1084, a resistor for power amplifier, etc. This bus is easy enough vyzvonit on the location of the stabilizer feet in 1084 (picture to V59 !!! for others - will have to search):
For the Z.VST3463 board, the + 5V bus can be found according to the above mentioned section of the board - this is the throttle pad (where the + 5V bus arrow is stuck).
However, in this connection there is one caveat: we feed + 5V to pin 3 (via a throttle, see the diagram above) of a completely unpowered DC-DC converter chip. Judging by the above internal scheme, nothing terrible should happen. But I still strongly recommend the throttle at the output of the built-in converter to unsolder away from sin. And this is about the V29-V59. But in relation to 3463 or 3663, it is probably necessary to unsolder it. There are cases of "loss" of controllers among forumtsev ...
I think no one will have problems with this connection, because the + 12V source in the designers of the monitors is not needed in any part of the circuit.
Sometimes, it is very rare monitors with a single source. For example, Samsung Syncmaster 225 - he has only one source and he is + 13V. Then of course without options - connect directly to the + 12V connector of the controller. The converter withstands input voltage up to 20V.
And, of course, one cannot say that all of the above applies to absolutely all monitors - of course, there are also non-standard solutions in the circuitry of monitors. In this case, you will need to understand in more detail.
As for the control signals in the power supply unit of the monitors, there are usually only two of them - turning on the backlight and controlling the brightness. Below I will summarize this information in a separate paragraph.
ATTENTION!!! All of the above relates to the fact that I was holding. Those. to the boards, where the feeding portion is expressed as clearly shown in the above schemes. This V29-V59, zvst3463, D3663. As for more recent versions of controllers, it is necessary to carefully examine their scheme for such a possibility. For example, I can say with confidence that the controller Qt526 thus only powered from + 5V will not succeed because the supply chain made it quite differently.
Here It is an example of how this has been energized by the controller monitor PSU, on which there are two supply voltage + 12V and + 5V. Moreover, high-current + 5V and + 12V - low current and the entire controller to run from one + 12V could not be articulated by me above reason. Other controllers, deserve attention, I did not - so I can not speak for all manufactured in China glands indiscriminately.
I must say that use native PSU of reworks display certainly much preferable to seek some kind of external adapter. But it is not always easy to do so. Who has the desire - it is the theme, go to the questions will be solved.
2. CONNECTION TO PSU TVS
Why PSU? Because, in addition to the power supply, there can be quite a lot of other nodes on the board, so the TV power units are called the Power Supply Unit. I must say that the second board (often called the Main Board) is correctly called SSB - the Small Signal Board, and this has a definite meaning. The lion's share of the electricity eaten comes from the backlight, and everything else is trifle, and relying on some significant energy consumption by the controller is not worth it ...
Again the theory - without it, alas, no way ...
It is rather difficult to cover all the constructions of television units, therefore I will give the most common ones. Structural Schemes Again. I’ll just make a reservation that I selected the most significant nodes and if anyone decides to let me know that I forgot to draw the circuits of rectifiers and the correctors of the power factor - believe me, I remember that very well. Just the vast majority will not need it.
Well, at the very beginning I will make a note about their difference from the power supply of the monitors: on TVs (diagonals over 24 ") the power supply has a real standby mode. That is," something "in them in sleep mode" sleeps "and only works active mode. What "sleeps" and how - read below.
but). PSU TV on CCFL lamps
As seen from the figure, these are the power units, which are used in televisions flashlamp backlight inverter which is present as a separate board, fixed on the back of the matrix. A distinctive feature of them is quite powerful transformer, from which removed the inverter power supply voltage (+ 24V), the vast majority of 12V (supply to almost all units and SSB if any - supply of the logical part of the matrix). It is still possible on the sources of power for audio amplifiers. They then we just are not interested, and I do not even drew deliberately because they can not work and load it on anything not affected. Standby mode is implemented as a single low-power source that is always running, if the cord is plugged in. Voltage Vstb I deliberately do not have, because it can meet the dimension of 3.3V, 3.5V, 4,7V, 5B and 6B, it seems even (perhaps the last I'm wrong, but in a very old models could be such). However, the main power supply (+ 24V, + 12V) operates only in the active mode, i.e., in standby mode, the TV these voltages are not available.
The above-mentioned backlight inverter (so-called stadalone, the one that hangs on the back of the matrix) is another, in my opinion a wonderful feature. Almost 100% of these inverters are powered by a 24V (and therefore if the matrices are similar in size - means they are interchangeable, I'm an inverter under otherwise identical characteristics), but this is not important - almost all of these inverters have two entrances brightness control - the PWM (PDIM) and analog (ADIM), which switch between these modes special Ping. Typically ADIM not connected, but it can always involve rearranging the wire connector of the inverter and taking measures in the inverter switching ADIM mode (in this case, it is included within the embedded PWM, which is controlled by adjusting the voltage). So that the inverter is easier to adapt the brightness adjustment with universal controller.
b). PSU TV on EEFL lamps
In principle, the differences from the previous PSU there are also significant, although the project on the basis of universal controller is not much affected. The main difference - in the matrix do not have a separate inverter and it is on the PSU board. Why is that? Because the lamp EEFL (External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp) are configured such that they can be connected in parallel and the entire assembly is removed from the lamp illumination matrix two wires. Accordingly, there is no need to mnogotransformatornom inverter (as in the case of CCFL lamps). All other nuances mentioned above for the PSU previous, valid for this PSU.
c) .PSU TV with LED backlight
If in the two previous cases, the circuit solutions of the vast majority of TVs did not differ much, then in the case of LED backlighting, PSU circuitry often harbors unexpected surprises in the form of non-standard circuit solutions of developers of a particular brand. Therefore, I present a picture of a strongly averaged average PSU for LED backlighting. Further it will be clear (I hope) that the main thing is not the circuitry, but all the same backlight control signals and supply voltages.
I think that there is nothing special to comment on - almost everything that was said above.
For what I gave these three schemes. To make it clear how the backlight is controlled and how the power circuits are organized, which we will need later to connect our controller.
And there is nothing more to say ... Anyone who has carefully studied everything that was above under this spoiler can figure out how to connect what and where. But in one, I think, I have to help - to unite everything into one “universal” scheme and it looks like this:
Here I have implemented the most successful solution for powering the universal controller, which can also be called universal for almost all PSUs. On the left of the diagram, there is a plot of any television PSU, on the right - a controller (the diagram that was above). Now I explain what elements are installed and why, and how everything works.
So the key point - controller on duty washing PSU voltage. This scheme is suitable for cases where the standby supply voltage is equal to 5V and it is filed as discussed above in the paragraph about the food from the monitor PD (but unlike Example through a diode). How it works. Tested + 5V via a diode and it falls to about 0,3-0,5V (better to use a smaller drop 1N5817). Thus in the 5-volt bus controller receives about 4,5-4,7V. This voltage is enough to linear regulator has issued on its output 3.3V + sure to supply the controller chip. The fact that the voltage applied to its input must be higher by at least 3.3 V 1.1V (i.e., not less than 4,4V). In standby mode, the controller consumes less than 100mA and this is the load of the power supply standby PSU. When we "awaken" the controller, he gives the command to the output On / Off connector "Invertor" to turn on the (...). I did not say, to turn what. And all because if you look at the listed PSU circuit, you will notice that they are present SEPARATE pins to start the main power supply and to start the highlight. In our case, we simply joined together and a controller to successfully launch both.
Thus, the controller sends a signal to turn on the backlight power supply and ground. Thus there is a main power supply voltage + 12V, which is connected to the standard connector of the supply controller. Next, it is converted to + 5V and it is in turn applied to the cathode of the diode. The "correct" power supplies when applying permitting voltage Power On output voltage of the standby unit decreases slightly (as conceived in the diagram), the anode voltage drops below 5V and diode locked, power from the standby power supply is turned off and the controller continues to feed already from + 12V, coming from the PSU. I must say that not all duty power supplies are completely "honest". It is likely that the scheme does not provide voltage drop in standby power supply active main mode. No problem even if the diode is not closed, will not arise. At least the controller exactly is securely powered by the built-in DC / DC converter and the power supply duty, this situation does not threaten. When you switch the controller to the standby mode, everything happens in reverse. This method is no longer a theory but a proven and 100% uptime (I applied it in his latest project can be found under spoiler prefabricated).
For cases when the voltage of the on-demand power supply unit PSU is less than + 5V (meaning +3.3, + 3.5V), it will be necessary to apply a circuit with
boosting DC-DC boost converter.
Converter not at all scarce and completely capricious and stable. Then the connection scheme will look like this:
This scheme allows you to connect the controller to the "standby" voltage of any size from 3 to 6 volts. At the heart of the same theory with the diode, of which I spoke above - it will close when it appears from PSU + 12V and the boost converter remains unloaded - it is not scary for it. The magnitude of the voltage converter installed at the output (+ 10V) was chosen for reasons of a diode drop and a sure 12/5 V DC-DC converter on the controller board. It is not critical and can be from 8.5 to 11V.
Since the connection of the second scheme does not require the intervention of the controller circuit, then this option can be recommended to those who are afraid to go into the controller board with a soldering iron and generally spoil the presentation controller. Just the second circuit pulls the compulsory purchase of the converter. By the way, do not have to buy it in China - they are there for us and it cost about 150 rubles (more expensive of course than in China, but did not wait for a month ...) ... WARNING !!! Adjust the voltage step-up converter is better to avoid trouble in advance. This can be done even without a load. And then connect to the circuit.
It should be noted that there are additional resistors on these two circuits. Their purpose will be described below in the paragraph about adjustments. However, this scheme applies only to controllers on the V29-V56. For the Z.VST3463 controller, both circuits need to be slightly changed, and the location for connecting additional resistors will look like this:
Those. There will be only one resistor and is connected between On / Off and Adjust. Why it is this way - you can also read about it in the same place in the paragraph about adjustments. For the DS3663 controller resistors are not needed at all.
And one moment. As can easily be seen, all three different embodiments PSU, mentioned above, contain standby power supply (e.g. 5VSB). What is it: a low power voltage source for maintaining the SSB board assemblies in sleep mode. Of course varies greatly television circuitry and standby PSU may be for powering the low-power nodes (e.g. remote controller and supervisor), and may carry power to the logical part and SSB in the sleep and awake mode - when it is designed for loads up to 2.2, 5A. That is not to guess and guess exactly what you have in stock BP standby, and were designed by the aforementioned circuit powering the universal controllers. It is about the diode in the power circuit and the parallel activation of the source of + 12V, which precisely has plenty of power.
However, it is worth noting another fact - not all 100% of television PSUs can be combed with the same brush - there are also “ambushes”.
1. It so happens that sometimes on TVs a small diagonal of the + 12V source may not be at all and the whole SSB is powered by voltage, for example + 5V. Powering the controller in this case will need to be done on the principle of powering the monitor PSU. How - I hope you figure it out, all the schemes are above.
2. Sometimes there are schemes in which the on-duty power supply unit has a very small capacity - i.e. sometimes it does not even pull the operating mode of the bare controller. There is a way out in this situation. for example
heredetailed solution, which was successfully implemented by the questioning forum participant.
3. Another option: in the TV's power supply unit there is also a voltage of + 12V (which the controller does not pull) and a working + 12V (from the output of a powerful power supply unit, which comes to life only in the active mode). Then the power supply method is described.
here.
The main thing - to decide on the principle. And in particular - do not hesitate to ask questions in the topic. We will understand and make the best decision.
And more ... I practically anywhere did not show wires of "weight" on schemes. This does not mean that they do not exist. They are and their full! They are everywhere. Do not save them.
3. ABOUT POWER SUPPLY OF CONSTRUCTIONS PRODUCED "FROM ZERO".
What is meant: you have a matrix, there is a controller and there is an inverter as separate blocks. In this case, the easiest way is to purchase a 12V power adapter with a power of 40-60W (current 3.5-5A) and launch it. However, 12-volt power supplies are not as widely distributed as, for example, laptop adapters. There is a solution in this case. It is enough to apply a buck-to-dc buck converter (such as
such a). He put himself on the controller power supply and the output voltage of 12V it is exposed (ie it converts 19 to 12V), and the backlight inverter board just better to be powered from 19V (of course, if it allows it). In this case it will be less heated than 12V. Is powered by the controller itself 19B I would not recommend it. Well, if applied on the board chip buck converter with an acceptable voltage 20-24V. But it all depends on the manufacturer's controllers - it can install other chip with an acceptable voltage, such as 18V and 19V then the applied it immediately "pshiknet" (and even, God forbid the consequences). In the area of ​​100-page threads have confirmation of this - the controller, accidentally powered by 20-22V, flew chip DC-DC 12-5V and dragged for a more important and DC-DC to 1.2V, which powers the controller chip.
By the way, those who know how to hold a soldering iron in their hands can safely use an unnecessary power supply from a computer - it will easily be able to issue 12V 5A, and perhaps the fan will not be needed. It can even be launched on the principle of television PSU (after all, in many of them there is also a separate 5-watt power supply system).
You can also buy not necessarily an adapter (in the classical sense, such as in a black plastic case), but an open power supply. I gave a link to a very good BP
by thispost
Everything said in the last paragraph, of course, is focused mainly on designs with monitor or notebook matrices. Because it is necessary to invent a “bicycle” on large television matrices with greater care and miscalculation of power.
And of course, the eternal question of almost everyone who decided on the project. Let's even highlight in bold:
POWER SUPPLY SELECTION In fact, the question is quite simple. I bring him here only for the reason that not everyone here has gathered with radio engineering education or with amateur radio experience.
Sorry, guys, but again the truisms - without them in any way. For those who absolutely no boom boom with electronics, I will explain on fingers.
1. If the power supply unit is written 12V 5A, then it literally means the following: the power supply module outputs a voltage of 12V to the output and at the same time it CAN eject current up to 5A. Does not issue, namely
can give out !!! Those. the controller can be powered from a power supply designed for at least 1000 amperes, but if the controller eats only 1A, then this 1000 A power supply unit will give only 1A to the controller. Who does not understand - re-read again and again until you understand.
2. The values ​​of voltage and current indicated on the power supply determine its
maximum power. Power (in watts) to the power supply output is equal to the product of the voltage (in volts) on the current (in amps). Since, as mentioned above, given off current value depends on the consumption of its load (and to the power supply indicated the maximum current value which can "give" the power supply), respectively, and the power, calculated by the above method - also the maximum possible. Those. power supply unit 5A 12B may issue a 60W load, but if the controller is connected, which consumes 1A, the power delivered power unit will be equal to 12W.
And now to the choice of power supply unit. To unequivocally answer this question, you need to be patient and find the strength to read the datasheet on your matrix. So, what serves as a calculation data:
a) Power consumption of the logical part of the matrix. In the datasheet, this (VDD Power) is in the Electrical characteristics section. There may be several values ​​(for different backgrounds of the image) - choose the maximum.
b) The power consumption of the backlight. The same section and sub item Backlight Unit. It is called Power consumtion. We look at the value and multiply by 1.1 for LED backlighting or 1.3 for CCFL. The fact is that this power characterizes the net consumption of the backlight, but we need to lay stock on the efficiency of the inverter.
c) Power consumption of the controller itself in the active mode. Accurate data is not available, but the orientation is approximately 5-6W for the V29-V59 and 8-9W for the Z.VST3463.
We summarize the obtained power values ​​and divide by .... If the planned power supply unit is 12V, it means by 12. If the power supply unit from the laptop is 18.5 (here I have laid the efficiency of the DC / DC down-converter, without which the controller cannot be connected). We get the amount of current in amperes.
It so happens that the data are obtained completely "in the grinding". Then you can either rely on the spare durability of the power supply unit, or after starting the whole structure, reduce the backlight brightness in the service menu (so that it does not work at full capacity). That's all science.