1. Intel / AMD x86_64 processor with virtualization support: 2 threads (minimum) // 4 threads and more (recommended)
2. 2 GB of RAM (minimum) // 4 GB of RAM (recommended)
3. Hard disk space 8 GB (minimum) // 10 GB or more (according to your needs)

1. The virtual machine itselfOracle VM VirtualBox 5.22(Version 6.0 is currently not on friendly terms with Android-x86, while we are using stable 5.2)
2. The image of Android. Download it from the siteAndroid-x86.org
3. Enable the virtualization function of your processor in your host BIOS (for different motherboards and processors this parameter is called differently in the menu, you need to look for an example on my motherboard in the picture)

0.1. Download and install the program.
0.2. Download the Android image.

1.1. Create a virtual machine with any name, system type: Linux, version: Ubuntu (the bit is not important).
1.2. The amount of RAM depends on your computer / laptop, it is better to put half of the available (i.e. if you have 8 GB on your host, then you can safely put 4 GB).
1.3. Create a new virtual disk, VDI, Dynamic, the volume is better from 8 GB (depending on the number of applications you need).
1.4. We go in the Holy Island of the created machine through the button Configure.
General - Advanced - Turn on the bidirectional buffer.
System - Motherboard - Remove the check mark in the boot order from the diskette
System - Motherboard - Tick Enable I / O APIC
System - Motherboard - Cursor Manipulator - set the PS / 2 mouse
System - Processor - 2 CPU cores (or more, if possible)
System - Processor - Enable PAE / NX
Display - Video - Video Memory 128 MB
Display - Video - Tick Enable 3D acceleration
Media - Controller: IDE - Click on Empty and to the right where the drive window is click on the disk and select the downloaded Android image.
1.5. Click OK.

2.1. We start the car.
2.2. In the first window, use the arrows on the keyboard to select the lowest Installation - Install Android-x86 to harddisk, confirm the choice by pressing Enter.If you propose to install GPT, refuse!
2.3. After running through all the lines, a window appears, select the first item Create / Modify partitions in it.
2.4. In the appeared window with the arrow to the right, select Write and write yes, confirming by pressing Enter.
2.5. Use the right arrow to select New, then Primary, confirm the volume that appears.
2.6. Use the right arrow to select Write and write yes, confirming by pressing Enter.
2.7. Use the right arrow to select Bootable, press Enter and exit via Quit.
2.8. If everything is done correctly, then the first to write sda1 Linux will appear, confirm Enter.
2.9. In the next window, select ext4. Then we confirm that we want to format the disk.
2.10. We are waiting for it to format.
2.11. In all the following windows, click Yes.
2.12. After the Android-x86 window is installed successfully; At the top, press the Devices button - Optical disk drives - Eject the disk from the drive. After that, select Reboot and press Enter.
2.13. The machine restarts and select the very first item.
2.14. After that we wait, the Android logo appears, and then the system setup, as if you have a simple Android tablet.

Now you have an already rooted Android with firmware for developers.

How to change the screen resolution?
Android 4.4 and below:
In the folder with the virtual machine, find the file called machine_name.vbox, add the line to it:
<ExtraDataItem name = "CustomVideoMode1" value = "320x480x16" />
It determines the resolution and amount of memory for color.
Android 5.0 and higher:
Natively changing the resolution is still quite difficult, but there arecrutch. It works quite well.

VirtualBox 6.0 does not want to run Android
The problem is known, the solution is simple - install VirtualBox 5.22


How to enable full support for programs written for ARM in Android x86?
Settings - Android x86 options - Enable Native Bridge

What works and what does not work in the latest version (Android 8.1)?
Doesn't work: touch screen, google play and everything that comes out of it
Works: camera, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, mouse, keyboard, installation of .apk from any sources, simple games are started (maybe complex, but this is not yet accurate)

Is there a root?
There is.